Category Archives: Knowledge Base

Particles on Surfaces: Part 7 – How Clean is Clean For Pharmaceutical Companies?

Let’s focus on one of the most challenging cleaning requirements for the pharmaceutical industry – cleaning equipment used to manufacture injectable materials – so called “parenteral drugs”. These materials must be made in environments that are absolutely clean and sterile, because there is no opportunity for the drugs to be sterilized after packaging – i.e. [Read More…]

Particles on Surfaces: Part 6 – How Clean is Clean?

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The surfaces have been wiped and the obvious question is:  How clean are they? Start with what you see. Do the surfaces look visibly clean?  If not, the wiping activity is not yet done. Wipe to the absence of visible soil on both the surface and the wiper. Keep wiping until the last wiper shows [Read More…]

Particles on Surfaces: Part 5 – Cleaning Floors and Walls

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In a cleanroom, cleaning floors and walls is like cleaning other surfaces, only more so – larger surface areas and corresponding larger wiping cloths. Let’s start with floors. The same principles apply to wiping floors as described previously in Particles on Surfaces Part 4 – use linear wiping strokes and wipe from clean to dirty. To achieve [Read More…]

Particles on Surfaces: Part 4 – Optimum Wiping Techniques

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Before we address wiping techniques, we might well question the need for wiping. After all, if capillary forces hold particles to surfaces strongly enough that the particles can’t easily get airborne, why the great concern to remove the particles by wiping? The simple answer is embodied in two words:  Contact Transfer. That’s the means by which [Read More…]

Particles on Surfaces: Part 3 – Cleanroom Wiper + IPA

In Particles on Surfaces – Part 2, we learned that thin liquid layers between particles and surfaces serve as the binding forces between the two. By lowering the surface tension of this liquid layer – typically water – we can decrease the binding force and assist in the removal of particles. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) – as [Read More…]

Particles on Surfaces: Part 2 – The Ties That Bind

In Particles on Surfaces – Part 1, witness wafer and settling plate data showed that particles and bacteria (i.e. viable particles) will settle on cleanroom surfaces. From this we can infer that particles do NOT behave as hard microscopic billiard balls, striking surfaces and rebounding into the air. Rather, through inelastic collisions with the surface, they [Read More…]

Particles on Surfaces: Part 1 – Next to Godliness

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Surely cleanrooms qualify. Air filtered everywhere. Operators garbed from head to foot with only a portion of their faces exposed.  Spotless stainless steel and plastic surfaces everywhere. No paper or cardboard anywhere. Manufactured product protected. Surely this is cleanliness next to Godliness. Appearances are deceiving. Despite the advances made in the High Efficiency Particle Air [Read More…]

Things You Didn’t Know You Needed to Know About Lint-Free Wipes

A recent search on Google for the term lint-free wipe returned over 18 million results. A further refinement to “lint-free wipes” returned over 330,000 results. And another search for “lint free wiper” produced over 1.5 million results. A simple change in characters or adding a letter churned out different results. The one thing they have [Read More…]

Powder Coating: Surface Preparation Solutions

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The Customer An aluminum wheel manufacturer is currently using Choice® SuperSorb 12×12″ (30x30cm) disposable wipes for their powder coating applications. The Applications Oil, aluminum oxide and other contaminants in the pre-treatment (surface preparation) process can adversely affect the quality of the final product. Wiping down the bare metal after cleaning and prior to coating will [Read More…]

Proper Cleanroom Wiper Folding & Surface Cleaning Poster

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DOWNLOAD POSTER: An updated guide to properly folding and utilizing a low-linting wiper for maximum cleaning efficiency in a cleanroom, controlled or critical environment.